Psych Journal |
Pre conventional mortality
stage 1: Obediance and punishment, The child is good so that he doesn't get punished. Stage 2: Individualism and exchange at this stage children recognize there is not just one right view. Conventional morality Stage 3: Good interpersonal relationships the child is good in order to be seen as a good person by others. Stage 4: Maintaining social order The child becomes aware of the wide rules of society so judgments concern obeying rules to avoid guilt. Stage 5: Social contract individual rights exception to the rules Stage 6: Universal principal people develop their own set of moral guidelines I agree with what Kohlberg is talking about he makes valid reasoning and what he said makes sense.
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1. Trust vs. Mistrust: The first stage is the trust vs mistrust stage. This stage occurs during the first year of your life. during this stage the infant is unsure about what is happening around them. The infant will obtain a strong trust with their care giver that is taking care of the infant. If there is success during this stage the infant will develop hope. But if the infant doesn't get the proper care the baby will develop a mistrust to people and the world around them. It will carry mistrust into other relationships and other things in their life.
2. Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt: This stage occurs when the child id between 18 months and 3 years of age. This is the age when they learn independence, like walking away with their parents, and playing with their toys on their own. The child discoverers their own skills and abilities like taking off their own cloths and such. 3. Initiative vs. Guilt: This stage occurs around the age of three years. During this stage a lot of interacting with younger children with younger children. The children begin to make plans and play games with other children at school . In this stage the kids ask a lot of questions because they are beginning to have a thirst for knowledge. 4. Industry (competence) vs. Inferiority: This stage occurs between the age of 5-12. in this stage the kids peer is a big influence on the kid and their self esteem. If the child cant develop a certain skill they will start to become inferior. The children need to be encouraged and complimented and they will gain self confidence. 5. Identity vs. Role Confusion: This stage occurs during the age of 12-18. this is the most important stage of his theory. The kid becomes more independent. The child has to learn the roles that he has to become as an adult. They explore the possibilities of what they can become. 6. Intimacy vs. Isolation: This stage occurs when the individual is between the ages of 18-40 years of age. In this stage the person shares themselves more intimate with others. They explore long term relationships that they can rely on for the rest of their lives. being successful in this stage can lead to comfortable relationships. 7. Generativity vs. Stagnation: This stage occurs in 40-65 years of age. In this stage we focus on careers and relationships. we raise our children and be productive at work. 8. Ego Integrity vs. Despair: We grow into senior citizens and we slow down our productivity. We contemplated our achievements. They might be feeling guilty or as if they havent accomplished what they wanted to do in their lives.
Social Interaction: Vygotsky says that social interactions helps with human development. He also states that children learn and copy what their parents and teachers do and that they have a lot of influence on a younger child's life. He also states that not only does people get affected by society but they also affect their society.
Zone of Proximal Development: The zone of proximal development (also known as ZPD) is the area of learning when the person is taught by a teacher or peer with a higher skill set. Vygotsky states that the student wont be able to learn without the help of the teacher. The student is hoping to master the skill so he or she will be able to do the skill without the presence of the teacher. The More Knowledgeable Other: it refers to someone who has a better understanding of the ability of the learner and their tasks, processes, and concepts. |
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